Pokemon Egg Chart

Here's a chart of which Pokemon hatch out of which eggs:

So for example, Chansey will only hatch out of a 10km egg. But you could get an Abra from a 5km egg or a 10km egg.
And a Zubat could come out of a 2km, 5km, or 10km egg.
So even if you have a 10km egg, there's still a chance you might just hatch a regular old Ratatta!

(Thanks to reddit user Taiyo4D for this awesome chart!)

Update: Appraisal

Now you can have your gym leader appraise your Pokemon! Here's how:

Tap the menu button from a Pokemon's profile screen...

Then tap 'Appraise'

Your gym leader (Spark, in my case) will give you a quick rundown of your Pokemon's strength and size

Pokemon Type Weakness/Advantage Chart

Here is a chart to help you know which Pokemon to use when battling or training at a gym.
The attacking Pokemon is on the left, and the defending Pokemon is on the top.

So let's say I want to know how my Seadra's Water Gun attack will fare against Flareon.

The attacking Pokemon's move (Water Gun) is a water type attack, and the defending Pokemon (Flareon) is a fire type.
So when I look for Water on the left, and align it with Fire on the top, I see that Water Gun will be two times stronger than usual against Flareon!

(I tried to find the original source for this chart, but had no luck. If anyone knows who made this chart, please let me know in the comments!)

Transfer Candy

A pokemon will only give +1 candy when transferred, regardless of its combat power and/or level of evolution.
For example, a CP 40 Rattata and a CP 450 Raticate will each give just +1 candy when transferred, so plan accordingly :)

No More Bold/Italics

You can no longer use HTML tags to put a pokemon's name in italics and/or bold.

You will get this message if you try

Previously bolded/italicized names have been allowed to remain, however

Pika Girl - S3RL

(video not mine :) )

Pokestop and Gym Map

For a good idea where to find gyms and pokestops, try Pokemon Go Maps.
Feel free to contribute your own local stops!